Python学习记录-paramiko模块

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paramiko模块基于SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作。

1. SSHClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

基于用户名密码连接：

import paramiko# 创建SSH对象ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())# 连接服务器ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.0.2', port=22, username='root', password='test')# 执行命令stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')# 获取命令结果result = stdout.read().decode()# 关闭连接ssh.close()

SSHClient 封装 Transport

import paramikotransport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.0.2', 22))transport.connect(username='root', password='test')ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()ssh._transport = transportstdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')print(stdout.read().decode())transport.close()

基于公钥密钥连接：

import paramikoprivate_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')# 创建SSH对象ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())# 连接服务器ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.0.2', port=22, username='root', key=private_key)# 执行命令stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')# 获取命令结果result = stdout.read()# 关闭连接ssh.close()

SSHClient 封装 Transport

import paramikoprivate_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()ssh._transport = transportstdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')transport.close()

基于私钥字符串进行连接

import paramikofrom io import StringIOkey_str = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key_str))transport = paramiko.Transport(('10.0.1.40', 22))transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()ssh._transport = transportstdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')result = stdout.read()transport.close()print(result)

2. SFTPClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

基于用户名密码上传下载

import paramikotransport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname',22))transport.connect(username='root',password='123')sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.pysftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_pathsftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')transport.close()

基于公钥密钥上传下载

import paramikoprivate_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key )sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.pysftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_pathsftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')transport.close()

demo

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import paramikoimport uuidclass Haproxy(object):    def __init__(self):        self.host = '172.16.103.191'        self.port = 22        self.username = 'root'        self.pwd = '123'        self.__k = None    def create_file(self):        file_name = str(uuid.uuid4())        with open(file_name,'w') as f:            f.write('sb')        return file_name    def run(self):        self.connect()        self.upload()        self.rename()        self.close()    def connect(self):        transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))        transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)        self.__transport = transport    def close(self):        self.__transport.close()    def upload(self):        # 连接，上传        file_name = self.create_file()        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)        # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py        sftp.put(file_name, '/home/root/tttttttttttt.py')    def rename(self):        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()        ssh._transport = self.__transport        # 执行命令        stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('mv /home/root/tttttttttttt.py /home/root/ooooooooo.py')        # 获取命令结果        result = stdout.read()ha = Haproxy()ha.run()