PHP：从单行私钥获取私钥

Question

我正在尝试创建一个JWT令牌。另一台服务器将公钥存储在一行中并使用它进行验证。此外，用于验证的公钥是单行的。因此，要生成正确的 JWT 令牌，我认为我还应该在一行中使用私钥（可能有\n也可能没有）。我正在使用openssl_sign生成openssl_reource用作密钥的令牌。我从openssl_pkey_get_private得到那个参数。但是在这种情况下发生的问题是，它要么接受pem文件路径，要么接受PEM字符串格式的密钥。所以，如果我将它private_key作为单行传递，它不会给我所需的输出。那么，我该如何解决这个问题。正如我看到的其他语言库能够通过在一行中传递私钥来生成签名。

Answer 1

在 PHP 中，键可以用换行符或单行（带\n）来格式化。两者都有效。在以下示例中，为简单起见，我使用了 512 位加密的 RSA 密钥（尽管出于安全原因，实际上必须使用更大的密钥（>= 2048 位））：

<?php

// Private key: 512 bit for simplicity

// Passphrase: MyPassphrase

// openssl genrsa -aes256 -out private.pem 512

$privKeyEnc = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED

DEK-Info: AES-256-CBC,8F2D6F9594B3D379BF9D9748BD174458

RP2fyz1VNBKHiCadC5B9fjxV7z7AMAqbsN2vykFfPhdUFsxlJaecEeTMT7s6IbZN

Pr80+ljLjJ0SxJiK+j8DAc/Wrf+qyYUFcWbsvOhUIPyB5ww9+mEeIERJCigsyZJ7

k/Apau/BypdC9vCXKB3wM9FcmvP1g/ZwVoXfN3TIPEfWTktvuf74yFNoIaVbZAK/

+tzAGduu9wLkr6WTq4Isqy/IPjVCp9VwH1wNnz+hjkO7oELcCpFieIvAidUMKBR9

EdexLQCimbOl2wlfRNLincK8+FDOVWx6ElFFQlhzyWQCt8ed1fdiAggKxOco4Ww2

tFjIzaO4KXlbc9JFGd9PzigpftN/aHbk3c+x0E+3q5u8eySai4vgk38s1KaE7rn/

rarCgtGxOlbbTkI3opkjIrGlrsEyexKtS23mI/Dgcco=

-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";

// One-liner using \n

$privKeyEnc_1Line = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nProc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED\nDEK-Info: AES-256-CBC,8F2D6F9594B3D379BF9D9748BD174458\n\nRP2fyz1VNBKHiCadC5B9fjxV7z7AMAqbsN2vykFfPhdUFsxlJaecEeTMT7s6IbZN\nPr80+ljLjJ0SxJiK+j8DAc/Wrf+qyYUFcWbsvOhUIPyB5ww9+mEeIERJCigsyZJ7\nk/Apau/BypdC9vCXKB3wM9FcmvP1g/ZwVoXfN3TIPEfWTktvuf74yFNoIaVbZAK/\n+tzAGduu9wLkr6WTq4Isqy/IPjVCp9VwH1wNnz+hjkO7oELcCpFieIvAidUMKBR9\nEdexLQCimbOl2wlfRNLincK8+FDOVWx6ElFFQlhzyWQCt8ed1fdiAggKxOco4Ww2\ntFjIzaO4KXlbc9JFGd9PzigpftN/aHbk3c+x0E+3q5u8eySai4vgk38s1KaE7rn/\nrarCgtGxOlbbTkI3opkjIrGlrsEyexKtS23mI/Dgcco=\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";

// Public key: 

// Passphrase: MyPassphrase

// openssl rsa -in private.pem -outform PEM -pubout -out public.pem

$pubKey = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----

MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAMjYQLbdIVgKX1mSyKijOIpmlB9YWui1

KoCniRNHUPEsxth+o9fZXZMo1gzh9ZlFs6VLiyU7kv2+5QElOnhNzwcCAwEAAQ==

-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";

// One-liner using \n

$pubKey_1Line = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\nMFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAMjYQLbdIVgKX1mSyKijOIpmlB9YWui1\nKoCniRNHUPEsxth+o9fZXZMo1gzh9ZlFs6VLiyU7kv2+5QElOnhNzwcCAwEAAQ==\n-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";

$dataToSign = 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.';

// Signing

//$privateKey = openssl_pkey_get_private("$privKeyEnc", "MyPassphrase");     // also works

$privateKey = openssl_pkey_get_private("$privKeyEnc_1Line", "MyPassphrase"); 

openssl_sign($dataToSign, $signature, $privateKey, 'sha256'); 

$signatureBase64 = base64_encode($signature);

print("Signature (Base64): ".$signatureBase64."<br>");

// Verifying

$publicKey = openssl_pkey_get_public("$pubKey");                             

//$publicKey = openssl_pkey_get_public("$pubKey_1Line");                     // also works

$verified = openssl_verify($dataToSign, $signature, $publicKey,'sha256');

print("Verification: ".$verified."<br>");

/*

Output:

Signature (Base64): KVuUd+xy6at0emmhF20rbiD9lWzIN9euwKbeEm7aMvxqEkJ68HrjAoDJ37R3QGPI24woXY3TON9pahAhx+YNhQ==

Verification: 1

*/

?>