如何使用 Selenium 和 Python 从下拉菜单中选择一个选项

Question

我正在尝试使用 Python 中的 Selenium 获取 Metro-North 所有车站组合的票价。我想转到他们的票价页面，将车站名称放入选择字段，单击票价按钮，然后将所需的值复制到数据框。我尝试了所有可能的选项以从下拉菜单中选择电台，但没有任何效果，因为我收到错误：ElementNotInteractableException。我试过的代码：driver = webdriver.Safari()driver.get('http://as0.mta.info/mnr/schedules/sched_form.cfm')select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('Vorig_station'))print([o.text for o in select.options])time.sleep(3)select.select_by_visible_text('ANSONIA')element = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="frmindex"]/table[2]/tbody/tr[6]/td/input[2]')element.click()driver.close()打印命令显示了选项，但我无法选择并转到下一个票价页面。

Answer 1

使用Selenium获取 Metro-North 所有车站组合的票价和Python从From Staion选择选项ANSONIA 下拉式菜单您需要为 引入WebDriverWait，element_to_be_clickable()您可以使用以下定位器策略：

• 
  

使用CSS_SELECTOR：

driver.get("http://as0.mta.info/mnr/schedules/sched_form.cfm")

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "select#Vorig_station"))).click()

select = Select(WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "select#Vorig_station"))))

print([o.text for o in select.options])

select.select_by_visible_text('ANSONIA')

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "input[value='fares']"))).click()

使用XPATH：

driver.get("http://as0.mta.info/mnr/schedules/sched_form.cfm")

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//select[@id='Vorig_station']"))).click()

select = Select(WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//select[@id='Vorig_station']"))))

print([o.text for o in select.options])

select.select_by_visible_text('ANSONIA')

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//input[@value='fares']"))).click()

控制台输出：

['ANSONIA', 'APPALACHIAN TRAIL', 'ARDSLEY-ON-HUDSON', 'BEACON', 'BEACON FALLS', 'BEDFORD HILLS', 'BETHEL', 'BOTANICAL GARDEN', 'BRANCHVILLE', 'BREAKNECK RIDGE', 'BREWSTER', 'BRIDGEPORT', 'BRONXVILLE', 'CANNONDALE', 'CHAPPAQUA', 'COLD SPRING', 'CORTLANDT', 'COS COB', 'CRESTWOOD', 'CROTON FALLS', 'CROTON-HARMON', 'DANBURY', 'DARIEN', 'DERBY', 'DOBBS FERRY', 'DOVER PLAINS', 'EAST NORWALK', 'FAIRFIELD', 'FAIRFIELD METRO', 'FLEETWOOD', 'FORDHAM', 'GARRISON', 'GLENBROOK', 'GLENWOOD', 'GOLDENS BRIDGE', 'GRAND CENTRAL', "GREEN'S FARMS", 'GREENWICH', 'GREYSTONE', 'HARLEM - 125TH ST.', 'HARLEM VALLEY-WINGDALE', 'HARRISON', 'HARTSDALE', 'HASTINGS-ON-HUDSON', 'HAWTHORNE', 'IRVINGTON', 'KATONAH', 'LARCHMONT', 'LUDLOW', 'MAMARONECK', 'MANITOU', 'MARBLE HILL', 'MEADOWLANDS SPORTS COMPLEX', 'MELROSE', 'MERRITT 7', 'MILFORD', 'MORRIS HEIGHTS', 'MOUNT KISCO', 'MOUNT PLEASANT', 'MT VERNON EAST ', 'MT VERNON WEST', 'NAUGATUCK', 'NEW CANAAN', 'NEW HAMBURG', 'NEW HAVEN', 'NEW ROCHELLE', 'NH-STATE ST.', 'NOROTON HEIGHTS', 'NORTH WHITE PLAINS', 'OLD GREENWICH', 'OSSINING', 'PATTERSON', 'PAWLING', 'PEEKSKILL', 'PELHAM', 'PHILIPSE MANOR', 'PLEASANTVILLE', 'PORT CHESTER', 'POUGHKEEPSIE', "PURDY'S", 'REDDING', 'RIVERDALE', 'RIVERSIDE', 'ROWAYTON', 'RYE', 'SCARBOROUGH', 'SCARSDALE', 'SEYMOUR', 'SOUTH NORWALK', 'SOUTHEAST', 'SOUTHPORT', 'SPRINGDALE', 'SPUYTEN DUYVIL', 'STAMFORD', 'STRATFORD', 'TALMADGE HILL', 'TARRYTOWN', 'TENMILE RIVER', 'TREMONT', 'TUCKAHOE', 'UNIVERSITY HEIGHTS', 'VALHALLA', 'WAKEFIELD', 'WASSAIC', 'WATERBURY', 'WEST HAVEN', 'WESTPORT', 'WHITE PLAINS', 'WILLIAMS BRIDGE', 'WILTON', 'WOODLAWN', 'YANKEES-E153 ST.', 'YONKERS']

注意：您必须添加以下导入：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select