如何在Python Turtle模块中绘制网格线？

Question

所以目前我正在尝试通过读取 .txt 文件然后将其显示在 Python 的 Turtle 库中来绘制块迷宫。目前，我的代码只能绘制出方框，而不能绘制出方框周围的网格线。无论如何，有没有办法解决这个问题，因为我试图查看文档，他们只是建议turtle.Turtle.fillcolor，这似乎并不正确。这是我当前的代码：# import the necessary libraryimport turtle# read the .txt file here!with open("map01.txt") as f:    content = f.readlines()content = [x.strip() for x in content] # create the map here!window = turtle.Screen()window.bgcolor("white") # set the background as white(check if this is default)window.title("PIZZA RUNNERS") # create the titlebarwindow.setup(700,700)# create penclass Pen(turtle.Turtle):    def __init__(self):        turtle.Turtle.__init__(self)        self.shape("square")        self.color('grey')        self.penup()        self.speed(0)# create maze_listmaze = []# add the maze to mazemaze.append(content)# create conversion from the list to the map in turtledef setup_maze(level):    for y in range(len(level)):        for x in range(len(level[y])):            # get the character at each x,y coordinate            character = level[y][x]            # calculate the screen x, y coordinates            screen_x = -288 + (x * 24)            screen_y = 288 - (y * 24)                        # check if it is a wall            if character == "X":                pen.goto(screen_x, screen_y)                pen.stamp()# create class instances     pen = Pen()# set up the mazesetup_maze(maze[0])# main game loopwhile True:    pass这就是我正在读取的当前文本文件的样子：XXXXXXXXXXXXX.........eXX.XXX.XXX..XX.XsX.X.XX.XX.X......X.XX.XXXXXXXX.XX..........XXXXXXXXXXXXX's'和'e'应该代表起点和终点，尚未实现，因此可以忽略。点代表路径，X 代表墙壁。当前的地图（或txt）尺寸为8行x 12列。现在我的输出如下所示：我希望它看起来像这样（指的是网格的添加，而不是相同的图案迷宫）：

Answer 1

假设你想要的是：

然后我们需要将方形光标的大小从默认大小 20 调整为图块大小 24：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

TILE_SIZE = 24

CURSOR_SIZE = 20

class Pen(Turtle):

    def __init__(self):

        super().__init__()

        self.shape('square')

        self.shapesize(TILE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)

        self.color('grey')

        self.penup()

        self.speed('fastest')

def setup_maze(level):

    ''' Conversion from the list to the map in turtle. '''

    maze_height, maze_width = len(level), len(level[0])

    for y in range(maze_height):

        for x in range(maze_width):

            # get the character at each x,y coordinate

            character = level[y][x]

            # check if it is a wall

            if character == 'X':

                # calculate the screen x, y coordinates

                screen_x = (x - maze_width) * TILE_SIZE

                screen_y = (maze_width - y) * TILE_SIZE

                pen.goto(screen_x, screen_y)

                pen.stamp()

screen = Screen()

screen.setup(700, 700)

screen.title("PIZZA RUNNERS")

maze = []

with open("map01.txt") as file:

    for line in file:

        maze.append(line.strip())

pen = Pen()

setup_maze(maze)

screen.mainloop()

如果您正在寻找更像这样的东西：

然后更改行：

self.color('grey')

在上面的代码中：

self.color('black', 'grey')

最后，如果你愿意：

然后我们需要对上面的代码做一些小修改：

class Pen(Turtle):

    def __init__(self):

        super().__init__()

        self.shape('square')

        self.shapesize(TILE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)

        self.pencolor('black')

        self.penup()

        self.speed('fastest')

def setup_maze(level):

    ''' Conversion from the list to the map in turtle. '''

    maze_height, maze_width = len(level), len(level[0])

    for y in range(maze_height):

        for x in range(maze_width):

            # get the character at each x,y coordinate

            character = level[y][x]

            # check if it is a wall or a path

            pen.fillcolor(['white', 'grey'][character == 'X'])

            # calculate the screen x, y coordinates

            screen_x = (x - maze_width) * TILE_SIZE

            screen_y = (maze_width - y) * TILE_SIZE

            pen.goto(screen_x, screen_y)

            pen.stamp()