React源码解析-首次渲染(纯DOM元素)I
前言
React 是一个十分庞大的库,由于要同时考虑 ReactDom 和 ReactNative ,还有服务器渲染等,导致其代码抽象化程度很高,嵌套层级非常深,阅读其源码是一个非常艰辛的过程。在学习 React 源码的过程中,给我帮助最大的就是这个系列文章,于是决定基于这个系列文章谈一下自己的理解。本文会大量用到原文中的例子,想体会原汁原味的感觉,推荐阅读原文。
本系列文章将基于 React 15.4.2。
React.createElement
在写 React 项目的时候,我们一般会直接用 JSX 的形式来写,而 JSX 经过 Babel 编译后最终会将 HTML 标签转换为React.createElement的函数形式。如果想进行更深入的了解,可以看我之前写的这篇文章:你不知道的Virtual DOM(一):Virtual Dom介绍。文章中的h函数,如果不在 Babel 中配置的话,默认就是React.createElement。
下面,我们将从一个最简单的例子,来看React是如何渲染的:
ReactDOM.render( <h1 style={{"color":"blue"}}>hello world</h1>, document.getElementById('root')
);经过JSX编译后,会是下面这个样子
ReactDOM.render(
React.createElement( 'h1',
{ style: { "color": "blue" } }, 'hello world'
), document.getElementById('root')
);先来看下React.createElement的源码。
// 文件位置:src/isomorphic/React.jsvar ReactElement = require('ReactElement');
...
var createElement = ReactElement.createElement;
...
var React = {
...
createElement: createElement,
...
}module.exports = React;最终的实现需要查看ReactElement.createElement:
// 文件位置:src/isomorphic/classic/element/ReactElement.jsReactElement.createElement = function (type, config, children) {
... // 1. 将过滤后的有效的属性,从config拷贝到props
if (config != null) {
...
for (propName in config) { if (hasOwnProperty.call(config, propName) &&
!RESERVED_PROPS.hasOwnProperty(propName)) {
props[propName] = config[propName];
}
}
} // 2. 将children以数组的形式拷贝到props.children属性
var childrenLength = arguments.length - 2; if (childrenLength === 1) {
props.children = children;
} else if (childrenLength > 1) { var childArray = Array(childrenLength); for (var i = 0; i < childrenLength; i++) {
childArray[i] = arguments[i + 2];
} if (__DEV__) { if (Object.freeze) { Object.freeze(childArray);
}
}
props.children = childArray;
} // 3. 默认属性赋值
if (type && type.defaultProps) { var defaultProps = type.defaultProps; for (propName in defaultProps) { if (props[propName] === undefined) {
props[propName] = defaultProps[propName];
}
}
}
...
return ReactElement(
type,
key,
ref,
self,
source,
ReactCurrentOwner.current,
props
);
};本质上只做了3件事:
将过滤后的有效的属性,从config拷贝到props
将children以数组的形式拷贝到props.children属性
默认属性赋值
最终的返回值是ReactElement。我们再来看看它做了什么
// 文件位置:src/isomorphic/classic/element/ReactElement.jsvar ReactElement = function (type, key, ref, self, source, owner, props) { var element = { // This tag allow us to uniquely identify this as a React Element
$$typeof: REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE, // Built-in properties that belong on the element
type: type, key: key, ref: ref, props: props, // Record the component responsible for creating this element.
_owner: owner,
};
...
return element;
};最终只是返回了一个简单对象。调用栈是这样的:
React.createElement |=ReactElement.createElement(type, config, children) |-ReactElement(type,..., props)
这里生成的 ReactElement 我们将其命名为ReactElement[1],它将作为参数传入到 ReactDom.render。
ReactDom.render
ReactDom.render 最终会调用 ReactMount 的 _renderSubtreeIntoContainer:
// 文件位置:src/renderers/dom/client/ReactMount.js_renderSubtreeIntoContainer: function (parentComponent, nextElement, container, callback) {
...
var nextWrappedElement = React.createElement(
TopLevelWrapper,
{ child: nextElement
}
);
...
var component = ReactMount._renderNewRootComponent(
nextWrappedElement,
container,
shouldReuseMarkup,
nextContext
)._renderedComponent.getPublicInstance();
...
return component;
},
...
var TopLevelWrapper = function () { this.rootID = topLevelRootCounter++;
};
TopLevelWrapper.prototype.isReactComponent = {};
TopLevelWrapper.prototype.render = function () { return this.props.child;
};
TopLevelWrapper.isReactTopLevelWrapper = true;
...
_renderNewRootComponent: function (
nextElement,
container,
shouldReuseMarkup,
context) {
...
var componentInstance = instantiateReactComponent(nextElement, false);
...
return componentInstance;
},这里又会调用到另一个文件 instantiateReactComponent:
// 文件位置:src/renders/shared/stack/reconciler/instantiateReactComponent.jsfunction instantiateReactComponent(node, shouldHaveDebugID) { var instance;
...
instance = new ReactCompositeComponentWrapper(element);
...
return instance;
}// To avoid a cyclic dependency, we create the final class in this modulevar ReactCompositeComponentWrapper = function (element) { this.construct(element);
};Object.assign(
ReactCompositeComponentWrapper.prototype,
ReactCompositeComponent,
{ _instantiateReactComponent: instantiateReactComponent,
}
);这里又会调用到另一个文件 ReactCompositeComponent:
// 文件位置:src/renders/shared/stack/reconciler/ReactCompositeComponent.jsvar ReactCompositeComponent = { construct: function (element) { this._currentElement = element; this._rootNodeID = 0; this._compositeType = null; this._instance = null; this._hostParent = null; this._hostContainerInfo = null; // See ReactUpdateQueue
this._updateBatchNumber = null; this._pendingElement = null; this._pendingStateQueue = null; this._pendingReplaceState = false; this._pendingForceUpdate = false; this._renderedNodeType = null; this._renderedComponent = null; this._context = null; this._mountOrder = 0; this._topLevelWrapper = null; // See ReactUpdates and ReactUpdateQueue.
this._pendingCallbacks = null; // ComponentWillUnmount shall only be called once
this._calledComponentWillUnmount = false; if (__DEV__) { this._warnedAboutRefsInRender = false;
}
}
...
}我们用ReactCompositeComponent[T]来表示这里生成的顶层 component。
整个的调用栈是这样的:
ReactDOM.render
|=ReactMount.render(nextElement, container, callback)
|=ReactMount._renderSubtreeIntoContainer()
|-ReactMount._renderNewRootComponent(
nextWrappedElement, // scr:------------------> ReactElement[2]
container, // scr:------------------> document.getElementById('root')
shouldReuseMarkup, // scr: null from ReactDom.render()
nextContext, // scr: emptyObject from ReactDom.render()
)
|-instantiateReactComponent(
node, // scr:------------------> ReactElement[2]
shouldHaveDebugID /* false */
)
|-ReactCompositeComponentWrapper(
element // scr:------------------> ReactElement[2]
);
|=ReactCompositeComponent.construct(element)组件间的层级结构是这样的:
当顶层组件构建完毕后,下一步就是调用 batchedMountComponentIntoNode(来自 ReactMount 的 _renderNewRootComponent方法),进行页面的渲染了。这部分内容将在下一篇文章进行讲解。如果你等不及的话,可以直接看这个系列文章。
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