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1分钟利用mysqlreplicate快速搭建MySQL主从

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利用mysqlreplicate快速搭建MySQL主从环境

简介

mysql-utilities工具集是一个集中了多种工具的合集,可以理解为是DBA的工具箱,本文介绍利用其中的mysqlreplicate工具来快速搭建MySQL主从环境。

HE1:192.168.1.248 slave

HE3:192.168.1.250 master

实战

Part1:安装mysql-utilities

[root@HE1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-utilities-1.5.4.tar.gz

[root@HE1 ~]# cd mysql-utilities-1.5.4

[root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py build

[root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py install

如何安装MySQL可参考

MySQL5.6生产库自动化安装部署

http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1846671

1分钟完成MySQL5.7安装部署

http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1855415

Part2:基本使用方式

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --help

MySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.5.4 

License type: GPLv2

Usage: mysqlreplicate --master=root@localhost:3306 --slave=root@localhost:3310 --rpl-user=rpl:passwd 

mysqlreplicate - establish replication with a master

Options:

  --version             show program's version number and exit

  --help                display a help message and exit

  --license             display program's license and exit

  --master=MASTER       connection information for master server in the form:

                        <user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or

                        <login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-

                        path>[<[group]>].

  --slave=SLAVE         connection information for slave server in the form:

                        <user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or

                        <login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-

                        path>[<[group]>].

  --rpl-user=RPL_USER   the user and password for the replication user

                        requirement, in the form: <user>[:<password>] or

                        <login-path>. E.g. rpl:passwd

  -p, --pedantic        fail if storage engines differ among master and slave.

  --test-db=TEST_DB     database name to use in testing replication setup

                        (optional)

  --master-log-file=MASTER_LOG_FILE

                        use this master log file to initiate the slave.

  --master-log-pos=MASTER_LOG_POS

                        use this position in the master log file to initiate

                        the slave.

  -b, --start-from-beginning

                        start replication from the first event recorded in the

                        binary logging of the master. Not valid with --master-

                        log-file or --master-log-pos.

  --ssl-ca=SSL_CA       The path to a file that contains a list of trusted SSL

                        CAs.

  --ssl-cert=SSL_CERT   The name of the SSL certificate file to use for

                        establishing a secure connection.

  --ssl-key=SSL_KEY     The name of the SSL key file to use for establishing a

                        secure connection.

  --ssl=SSL             Specifies if the server connection requires use of

                        SSL. If an encrypted connection cannot be established,

                        the connection attempt fails. By default 0 (SSL not

                        required).

  -v, --verbose         control how much information is displayed. e.g., -v =

                        verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug

  -q, --quiet           turn off all messages for quiet execution.

Part3:主库准备

主库创建复制用户

[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 23329

Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Part4:一键配置

从库进行配置主从执行如下命令

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 --rpl-user=mysync:MANAGER -b

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.

# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.

# Checking for binary logging on master...

# Setting up replication...

# ...done.

检查

Part1:mysqlrplcheck检查

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlrplcheck --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 -s

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.

# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.

Test Description                                                     Status

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Checking for binary logging on master                                [pass]

Are there binlog exceptions?                                         [pass]

Replication user exists?                                             [pass]

Checking server_id values                                            [pass]

Checking server_uuid values                                          [pass]

Is slave connected to master?                                        [pass]

Check master information file                                        [pass]

Checking InnoDB compatibility                                        [pass]

Checking storage engines compatibility                               [pass]

Checking lower_case_table_names settings                             [pass]

Checking slave delay (seconds behind master)                         [pass]

#

# Slave status: 

#

                Slave_IO_State : Waiting for master to send event

                   Master_Host : 192.168.1.250

                   Master_User : mysync

                   Master_Port : 3306

                 Connect_Retry : 60

               Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003

           Read_Master_Log_Pos : 384741

                Relay_Log_File : HE1-relay-bin.000004

                 Relay_Log_Pos : 384954

         Relay_Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003

              Slave_IO_Running : Yes

             Slave_SQL_Running : Yes

               Replicate_Do_DB : 

           Replicate_Ignore_DB : 

            Replicate_Do_Table : 

        Replicate_Ignore_Table : 

       Replicate_Wild_Do_Table : 

   Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table : 

                    Last_Errno : 0

                    Last_Error : 

                  Skip_Counter : 0

           Exec_Master_Log_Pos : 384741

               Relay_Log_Space : 1743112

               Until_Condition : None

                Until_Log_File : 

                 Until_Log_Pos : 0

            Master_SSL_Allowed : No

            Master_SSL_CA_File : 

            Master_SSL_CA_Path : 

               Master_SSL_Cert : 

             Master_SSL_Cipher : 

                Master_SSL_Key : 

         Seconds_Behind_Master : 0

 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert : No

                 Last_IO_Errno : 0

                 Last_IO_Error : 

                Last_SQL_Errno : 0

                Last_SQL_Error : 

   Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids : 

              Master_Server_Id : 1250

                   Master_UUID : 1b1daad8-b501-11e6-aa21-000c29c6361d

              Master_Info_File : /data/mysql/master.info

                     SQL_Delay : 0

           SQL_Remaining_Delay : None

       Slave_SQL_Running_State : Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

            Master_Retry_Count : 86400

                   Master_Bind : 

       Last_IO_Error_Timestamp : 

      Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp : 

                Master_SSL_Crl : 

            Master_SSL_Crlpath : 

            Retrieved_Gtid_Set : 

             Executed_Gtid_Set : 

                 Auto_Position : 0

          Replicate_Rewrite_DB : 

                  Channel_Name : 

            Master_TLS_Version : 

# ...done.

其他常用工具

Part1:mysqldiskusage检查数据库空间大小

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqldiskusage --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# Source on localhost: ... connected.

# Database totals:

+---------------------+--------------+

| db_name             |       total  |

+---------------------+--------------+

| maxscale_schema     | 14,906       |

| mysql               | 14,250,013   |

| performance_schema  | 818,071      |

| sys                 | 500,802      |

| wms                 | 925,929,868  |

+---------------------+--------------+

Total database disk usage = 941,513,660 bytes or 897.90 MB

#...done.

Part2:mysqlindexcheck检查冗余索引

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlindexcheck --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost wms

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# Source on localhost: ... connected.

# The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.auth_user:

#

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `index_user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`) USING BTREE

#     may be redundant or duplicate of:

CREATE INDEX `user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`, `state`) USING BTREE

# The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.basic_storeage_sapce:

#

CREATE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE

#     may be redundant or duplicate of:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no_un` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE

——总结——

可以看到利用mysql-utilities工具集中的mysqlreplicate来配置MySQL主从非常简单,mysqlreplicate也提供了各类参数,本文中的-b是指使复制从主二进制日志中的第一个事件开始。mysqlrplcheck 中的-s是指输出show slave status\G的内容。由于笔者的水平有限,编写时间也很仓促,文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方,不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

©著作权归作者所有:来自51CTO博客作者dbapower的原创作品,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任

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