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MySQL5.7在线开启/关闭GTID

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MySQL5.7在线开启/关闭GTID

环境介绍

Part1:写在最前

截止本文撰写当日,MySQL5.7.16是官网的最新稳定版,本文将用MySQL5.7.16来进行演示。从MySQL5.6开始,支持了GTID复制模式,这种模式其实是把双刃剑,虽然容易搭建主从复制了,但使用不当,就容易出现一些错误,例如error 1236。在MySQL5.6如果开启GTID模式,需要在my.cnf中加入以下几个参数:

①log-bin=mysql-bin

②binlog_format=row

③log_slave_updates=1

④gtid_mode=ON

⑤enforce_gtid_consistency=ON

Warning:警告这里的一些参数不是动态参数,也就是需要重启mysql才能生效。

Part2:环境

[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();

+------------+

| version()  |

+------------+

| 5.7.16-log |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like 'log_slave%';

+-------------------+-------+

| Variable_name     | Value |

+-------------------+-------+

| log_slave_updates | OFF   |

+-------------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL5.6开启GTID需要开启log_slave_updates参数,否则启动报错,而5.7不在需要开启该参数。

实战

Part1:搭建传统复制模式

本文环境HE1为从,HE3为主库

[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 7

Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.250

                  Master_User: mysync

                  Master_Port: 3306

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002

          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1694

               Relay_Log_File: HE1-relay-bin.000002

                Relay_Log_Pos: 320

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB: 

          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 

           Replicate_Do_Table: 

       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 

                   Last_Errno: 0

                   Last_Error: 

                 Skip_Counter: 0

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1694

              Relay_Log_Space: 525

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File: 

                Until_Log_Pos: 0

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File: 

           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 

              Master_SSL_Cert: 

            Master_SSL_Cipher: 

               Master_SSL_Key: 

        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno: 0

                Last_IO_Error: 

               Last_SQL_Errno: 0

               Last_SQL_Error: 

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 

             Master_Server_Id: 1250

                  Master_UUID: 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d

             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info

                    SQL_Delay: 0

          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

           Master_Retry_Count: 86400

                  Master_Bind: 

      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 

     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 

               Master_SSL_Crl: 

           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 

           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 

            Executed_Gtid_Set: 

                Auto_Position: 0

         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 

                 Channel_Name: 

           Master_TLS_Version: 

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Part2:传统复制模式切换为GTID

①主库从库都需执行以下命令

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

②主库插数从库执行

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                      |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000005 |      154 |              |                  | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到gtid_set下面有数了,这说明已经开启了gtid模式

Part3:GTID变更为传统模式

mysql> stop slave;-----从库执行

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=0;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%gtid%';

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| Variable_name                    | Value                                  |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON                                     |

| enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON                                     |

| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000                                   |

| gtid_mode                        | OFF                                    |

| gtid_next                        | AUTOMATIC                              |

| gtid_owned                       |                                        |

| gtid_purged                      | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |

| session_track_gtids              | OFF                                    |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

可以看到这里GTID模式已经关了,下面再次开启GTID模式来观察id的变化

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

mysql> 

mysql> show variables like '%gtid%';

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| Variable_name                    | Value                                  |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery      | ON                                     |

| enforce_gtid_consistency         | ON                                     |

| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000                                   |

| gtid_mode                        | ON                                     |

| gtid_next                        | AUTOMATIC                              |

| gtid_owned                       |                                        |

| gtid_purged                      | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |

| session_track_gtids              | OFF                                    |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

主库做操作,从库执行如下命令会看到gtid_set的值在变化

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                        |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000011 |      154 |              |                  | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-2 |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                        |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000011 |      154 |              |                  | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-3 |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

——总结——

MySQL5.7开启/关闭GTID,不用重启mysql,这大大提高了GTID的易用性。由于笔者的水平有限,编写时间也很仓促,文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方,不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

©著作权归作者所有:来自51CTO博客作者dbapower的原创作品,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任


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