为了账号安全,请及时绑定邮箱和手机立即绑定

docker registry v2 api

标签:
Docker

Docker Registry V2 api

本篇总结docker registry v2 api描述和使用docker-registry v2

API清单

methodpathEntityDescription
GET/v2/BaseCheck that the endpoint implements Docker Registry API V2.




GET/v2/<image>/tags/listTagsFetch the tags under the repository identified by name.




GET/v2/<image>/manifests/<referevce>ManifestFetch the manifest identified by nameand referencewhere referencecan be a tag or digest. A HEADrequest can also be issued to this endpoint to obtain resource information without receiving all data.




put/v2/<image>/manifests/<referevce>ManifestPut the manifest identified by nameand referencewhere referencecan be a tag or digest.




delete/v2/<image>/manifests/<reference>ManifestDelete the manifest identified by nameand reference. Note that a manifest can only be deleted by digest.




GET/v2/<image>/blobs/<digest>BlobRetrieve the blob from the registry identified bydigest. A HEADrequest can also be issued to this endpoint to obtain resource information without receiving all data.




DELETE/v2/<image>/blobs/<digest>BlobDelete the blob identified by nameand digest
POST/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/Initiate Blob UploadInitiate a resumable blob upload. If successful, an upload location will be provided to complete the upload. Optionally, if thedigest parameter is present, the request body will be used to complete the upload in a single request.




GET/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>Blob UploadRetrieve status of upload identified byuuid. The primary purpose of this endpoint is to resolve the current status of a resumable upload.




PATCH/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>Blob UploadUpload a chunk of data for the specified upload.




PUT/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>Blob UploadComplete the upload specified by uuid, optionally appending the body as the final chunk.




DELETE/v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>Blob UploadCancel outstanding upload processes, releasing associated resources. If this is not called, the unfinished uploads will eventually timeout.




GET/v2/_catalogCatalogRetrieve a sorted, json list of repositories available in the registry.




名词解释

  • repository name(存储库名词)

    存储库指在库中存储的镜像。/project/redis:latest

    • 语法:

  1. 经典存储库名称由2级路径构成,每级路径小于30个字符,V2的api不强制要求这样的格式。

  2. 每级路径名至少有一个小写字母或者数字,使用句号,破折号和下划线分割。更严格来说,它必须符合正则表达式:[a-z0-9]+[._-][a-z0-9]+)

  3. 多级路径用/分隔

  4. 存储库名称总长度(包括/)不能超过256个字符

digest(摘要)

摘要是镜像每个层的唯一标示。虽然算法允许使用任意算法,但是为了兼容性应该使用sha256。例如sha256:6c3c624b58dbbcd3c0dd82b4c53f04194d1247c6eebdaab7c610cf7d66709b3b

  1. 生成摘要的伪代码

    import hashlib
    C = 'a small string'B = hashlib.sha256(C)
    D = 'sha256:' + B.hexdigest()

镜像pull过程

镜像由一个json清单和层叠文件组成,pull镜像的过程就是检索这两个组件的过程。拉去镜像的第一步就是获取清单,清单由下面几个字段组成: registry:5000/v2/redis/manifests/latest(获取redis:latest清单文件)

字段描述
name镜像名称
tag镜像当前版本的tag
fsLayers层描述列表(包括摘要)
signature一个JWS签名,用来验证清单内容
当获取清单之后,客户端需要验证前面(signature),以确保名称和fsLayers层是有效的。确认后,客户端可以使用digest去下载各个fs层。在V2api中,层存储在blobs中已digest作为键值.1. 首先拉取镜像清单(pulling an Image Manifest)
  
  $ HEAD /v2/<image/manifests/<reference>#检查镜像清单是否存在
  $ GET /v2/<image>/manifests/<reference>#拉取镜像清单
  提示:reference可是是tag或者是digest  
2. 开始拉取每个层(pulling a Layer)
   $ GET /v2/<image>/blobs/<digest>
   提示:digest是镜像每个fsLayer层的唯一标识。存在于清单的fsLayers里面。

Push镜像过程

推送镜像和拉取镜像过程相反,先推各个层到registry仓库,然后上传清单.

  1. Pushing a Layer(上传层)

    上传层分为2步,第一步使用post请求在registry仓库启动上传服务,
    返回一个url,这个url用来上传数据和检查状态。

  • 首先Existing Layers(检查层是否存在)

    $ HEAD /v2/image/blobs/<digest>

    若返回200 OK 则表示存在,不用上传

  • 开始上传服务(Starting An Upload)

    $POST /v2/image/blobs/uploads/

    如果post请求返回202 accepted,一个url会在location字段返回.

         202 Accepted
         Location: /v2/\<image>/blobs/uploads/\<uuid>
         Range: bytes=0-<offset>
         Content-Length: 0
         Docker-Upload-UUID: <uuid> # 可以用来查看上传状态和实现断点续传
  • 开始上传层(Uploging the Layer)

    > PUT /v2/<name>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>?digest=\<digest>> Content-Length: \<size of layer>> Content-Type: application/octet-stream
  1. 上传进度(Upload Progress)

    $ GET /v2/<image>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>

    返回

       204 No Content
       Location: /v2/<name>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>
       Range: bytes=0-<offset>
       Docker-Upload-UUID: <uuid>
  2. 整块上传(Monolithic Upload)

<Layer Binary Data>

    3. 分块上传(Chunked Upload)
         
        > PATCH /v2/\<name>/blobs/uploads/\<uuid>
        
        > Content-Length: \<size of chunk>
        
        > Content-Range: \<start of range>-\<end of range>
        
        > Content-Type: application/octet-stream
        \<Layer Chunk Binary Data>
        
        如果服务器不接受这个块,则返回:
            
              416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable
              Location: /v2/<name>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>
              Range: 0-<last valid range>
              Content-Length: 0
              Docker-Upload-UUID: <uuid>
             
         成功则返回:
         
            202 Accepted
            Location: /v2/<name>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>
            Range: bytes=0-<offset>
            Content-Length: 0
            Docker-Upload-UUID: <uuid>
  • 上传完成(Completed Upload)

    分块上传在最后一块上传完毕后,需要提交一个上传完成的请求

       > PUT /v2/<name>/blob/uploads/<uuid>?digest=<digest>
       > Content-Length: <size of chunk>
       > Content-Range: <start of range>-<end of range>
       > Content-Type: application/octet-stream   <Last Layer Chunk Binary Data>

    返回:

       201 Created
       Location: /v2/<name>/blobs/<digest>
       Content-Length: 0
       Docker-Content-Digest: <digest>
  • 取消上传(Canceling an Upload)

    这个请求执行后UUID将失效,当上传超时或者没有完成,客户端都应该发送这个请求。

    DELETE /v2/image/blobs/uploads/<uuid>

  • 交叉上传(Cross Repository Blob Mount)

    可以把客户端有访问权限的已有存储库中的层挂载到当前存储库中

    POST /v2/<name>/blobs/uploads/?mount=<digest>&from=<repository name>
    Content-Length: 0

    成功返回:

      201 Created
      Location: /v2/<name>/blobs/<digest>
      Content-Length: 0
      Docker-Content-Digest: <digest>

    失败返回:

      202 Accepted
      Location: /v2/<name>/blobs/uploads/<uuid>
      Range: bytes=0-<offset>
      Content-Length: 0
      Docker-Upload-UUID: <uuid>
  1. 删除层(Deleting a Layer)

    DELETE /v2/<image>/blobs/<digest>

    成功返回:

     202 Accepted
     Content-Length: None

    失败返回404错误

  2. 上传镜像清单(Pushing an Image Manifest)

    我们上传完镜像层之后,就开始上传镜像清单

     PUT /v2/<name>/manifests/<reference>
     Content-Type: <manifest media type>
     {
     "name": <name>,
     "tag": <tag>,
     "fsLayers": [
       {
          "blobSum": <digest>
       },
       ...
     ]
     ],
     "history": <v1 images>,
     "signature": <JWS>,
     ...
     }

    返回:

     如果清单中有层("blobSum":<digest>)是未知的,则返回
     {  "errors:" [{          "code": "BLOB_UNKNOWN",          "message": "blob unknown to registry",          "detail": {              "digest": <digest>
              }
          },
          ...
       ]
     }

检索功能

  1. 列出所有存储库(Listing Repositories)

    GET /v2/_catalog

    返回:

     200 OK
     Content-Type: application/json
     {   "repositories": [     <name>,
         ...
       ]
     }
  2. 列出部分存储库(Pagination)

    GET /v2/_catalog?n=<integer>

    Note: integer表示要列出库的个数

    返回:

     200 OK
     Content-Type: application/json Link: <<url>?n=<n from the request>&last=<last repository in response>>; rel="next"
     {   "repositories": [
         <name>,
         ...
       ]
     }
  3. 列出镜像所有tags(Listing Image Tags)

    GET /v2/image/tags/list

    返回:

     200 OK
     Content-Type: application/json
     {     "name": <name>,     "tags": [
             <tag>,
             ...
         ]
     }
  4. 列出镜像部分tags(Pagination)

    GET /v2/image/tags/list?n=<integer>

    返回:

     200 OK
     Content-Type: application/json Link: <<url>?n=<n from the request>&last=<last tag value from previous response>>; rel="next"
     {   "name": <name>,   "tags": [
         <tag>,
         ...
       ]
     }
  5. 删除镜像(Deleting an Image)

    DELETE /v2/image/manifests/<reference>
    返回

     202 Accepted
     Content-Length: None

    失败返回404错误
    注意:默认情况下,registry不允许删除镜像操作,需要在启动registry时指定环境变量REGISTRY_STORAGE_DELETE_ENABLED=true,或者修改其配置文件即可。reference必须是digest,否则删除将失败。在registry2.3或更高版本删除清单时,必须在HEAD或GET获取清单以获取要删除的正确digest携带以下头:

Accept: application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json

6.待更新



作者:YichenWong
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/6a7b80122602


点击查看更多内容
TA 点赞

若觉得本文不错,就分享一下吧!

评论

作者其他优质文章

正在加载中
  • 推荐
  • 评论
  • 收藏
  • 共同学习,写下你的评论
感谢您的支持,我会继续努力的~
扫码打赏,你说多少就多少
赞赏金额会直接到老师账户
支付方式
打开微信扫一扫,即可进行扫码打赏哦
今天注册有机会得

100积分直接送

付费专栏免费学

大额优惠券免费领

立即参与 放弃机会
意见反馈 帮助中心 APP下载
官方微信

举报

0/150
提交
取消