前端时空-手把手教你搞定 vue-cli4 配置
细致全面的 vue-cli4 配置信息。涵盖了使用 vue-cli 开发过程中大部分配置需求。
目录
✅ 配置多环境变量
通过在 package.json 里的 scripts 配置项中添加–mode xxx 来选择不同环境
只有以 VUE_APP 开头的变量会被 webpack.DefinePlugin 静态嵌入到客户端侧的包中，代码中可以通过 process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API 访问
NODE_ENV 和 BASE_URL 是两个特殊变量，在代码中始终可用
配置
在项目根目录中新建.env, .env.production, .env.analyz 等文件
- .env
serve 默认的本地开发环境配置
NODE_ENV = "development"
BASE_URL = "./"
VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH = "./"
VUE_APP_API = "https://test.staven630.com/api"复制代码
- .env.production
build 默认的环境配置（正式服务器）
NODE_ENV = "production"
BASE_URL = "https://prod.staven630.com/"
VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH = "https://prod.oss.com/staven-blog"
VUE_APP_API = "https://prod.staven630.com/api"
ACCESS_KEY_ID = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
ACCESS_KEY_SECRET = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
REGION = "oss-cn-hangzhou"
BUCKET = "staven-prod"
PREFIX = "staven-blog"复制代码
- .env.crm
自定义 build 环境配置（预发服务器）
NODE_ENV = "production"
BASE_URL = "https://crm.staven630.com/"
VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH = "https://crm.oss.com/staven-blog"
VUE_APP_API = "https://crm.staven630.com/api"
ACCESS_KEY_ID = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
ACCESS_KEY_SECRET = "xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
REGION = "oss-cn-hangzhou"
BUCKET = "staven-crm"
PREFIX = "staven-blog"
IS_ANALYZE = true;复制代码
修改 package.json
"scripts": {
"build": "vue-cli-service build",
"crm": "vue-cli-service build --mode crm"
}复制代码
使用环境变量
<template>
<div class="home">
<!-- template中使用环境变量 -->
API: {{ api }}
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "home",
data() {
return {
api: process.env.VUE_APP_API
};
},
mounted() {
// js代码中使用环境变量
console.log("BASE_URL: ", process.env.BASE_URL);
console.log("VUE_APP_API: ", process.env.VUE_APP_API);
}
};
</script>复制代码
✅ 配置基础 vue.config.js
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
publicPath: IS_PROD ? process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH : "./", // 默认'/'，部署应用包时的基本 URL
// outputDir: process.env.outputDir || 'dist', // 'dist', 生产环境构建文件的目录
// assetsDir: "", // 相对于outputDir的静态资源(js、css、img、fonts)目录
lintOnSave: false,
runtimeCompiler: true, // 是否使用包含运行时编译器的 Vue 构建版本
productionSourceMap: !IS_PROD, // 生产环境的 source map
parallel: require("os").cpus().length > 1,
pwa: {}
};复制代码
✅ 配置 proxy 代理解决跨域问题
假设 mock 接口为www.easy-mock.com/mock/5bc75b…
module.exports = {
devServer: {
// overlay: { // 让浏览器 overlay 同时显示警告和错误
// warnings: true,
// errors: true
// },
// open: false, // 是否打开浏览器
// host: "localhost",
// port: "8080", // 代理断就
// https: false,
// hotOnly: false, // 热更新
proxy: {
"/api": {
target:
"https://www.easy-mock.com/mock/5bc75b55dc36971c160cad1b/sheets", // 目标代理接口地址
secure: false,
changeOrigin: true, // 开启代理，在本地创建一个虚拟服务端
// ws: true, // 是否启用websockets
pathRewrite: {
"^/api": "/"
}
}
}
}
};复制代码
访问
<script>
import axios from "axios";
export default {
mounted() {
axios.get("/api/1").then(res => {
console.log('proxy:', res);
});
}
};
</script>复制代码
✅ 修复 HMR(热更新)失效
如果热更新失效，如下操作：
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
// 修复HMR
config.resolve.symlinks(true);
}
};复制代码
✅ 修复 Lazy loading routes Error： Cyclic dependency https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli/issues/1669
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
// 如果使用多页面打包，使用vue inspect --plugins查看html是否在结果数组中
config.plugin("html").tap(args => {
// 修复 Lazy loading routes Error
args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";
return args;
});
}
};复制代码
✅ 添加别名 alias
const path = require("path");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
// 添加别名
config.resolve.alias
.set("vue$", "vue/dist/vue.esm.js")
.set("@", resolve("src"))
.set("@assets", resolve("src/assets"))
.set("@scss", resolve("src/assets/scss"))
.set("@components", resolve("src/components"))
.set("@plugins", resolve("src/plugins"))
.set("@views", resolve("src/views"))
.set("@router", resolve("src/router"))
.set("@store", resolve("src/store"))
.set("@layouts", resolve("src/layouts"))
.set("@static", resolve("src/static"));
}
};复制代码
✅ 压缩图片
npm i -D image-webpack-loader复制代码
在某些版本的 OSX 上安装可能会因缺少 libpng 依赖项而引发错误。可以通过安装最新版本的 libpng 来解决。
brew install libpng复制代码
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
if (IS_PROD) {
config.module
.rule("images")
.use("image-webpack-loader")
.loader("image-webpack-loader")
.options({
mozjpeg: { progressive: true, quality: 65 },
optipng: { enabled: false },
pngquant: { quality: [0.65, 0.9], speed: 4 },
gifsicle: { interlaced: false }
// webp: { quality: 75 }
});
}
}
};复制代码
✅ 自动生成雪碧图
默认 src/assets/icons 中存放需要生成雪碧图的 png 文件。首次运行 npm run serve/build 会生成雪碧图，并在跟目录生成 icons.json 文件。再次运行命令时，会对比 icons 目录内文件与 icons.json 的匹配关系，确定是否需要再次执行 webpack-spritesmith 插件。
npm i -D webpack-spritesmith复制代码
let has_sprite = true;
let files = [];
const icons = {};
try {
fs.statSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));
files = fs.readdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));
files.forEach(item => {
let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");
icons[filename] = true;
});
} catch (error) {
fs.mkdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));
}
if (!files.length) {
has_sprite = false;
} else {
try {
let iconsObj = fs.readFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), "utf8");
iconsObj = JSON.parse(iconsObj);
has_sprite = files.some(item => {
let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");
return !iconsObj[filename];
});
if (has_sprite) {
fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));
}
} catch (error) {
fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));
has_sprite = true;
}
}
// 雪碧图样式处理模板
const SpritesmithTemplate = function(data) {
// pc
let icons = {};
let tpl = `.ico {
display: inline-block;
background-image: url(${data.sprites[0].image});
background-size: ${data.spritesheet.width}px ${data.spritesheet.height}px;
}`;
data.sprites.forEach(sprite => {
const name = "" + sprite.name.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");
icons[`${name}.png`] = true;
tpl = `${tpl}
.ico-${name}{
width: ${sprite.width}px;
height: ${sprite.height}px;
background-position: ${sprite.offset_x}px ${sprite.offset_y}px;
}
`;
});
return tpl;
};
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (has_sprite) {
plugins.push(
new SpritesmithPlugin({
src: {
cwd: path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/assets/icons/"), // 图标根路径
glob: "**/*.png" // 匹配任意 png 图标
},
target: {
image: path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/assets/images/sprites.png"), // 生成雪碧图目标路径与名称
// 设置生成CSS背景及其定位的文件或方式
css: [
[
path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/assets/scss/sprites.scss"),
{
format: "function_based_template"
}
]
]
},
customTemplates: {
function_based_template: SpritesmithTemplate
},
apiOptions: {
cssImageRef: "../images/sprites.png" // css文件中引用雪碧图的相对位置路径配置
},
spritesmithOptions: {
padding: 2
}
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
✅ SVG 转 font 字体
npm i -D svgtofont复制代码
根目录新增 scripts 目录，并新建 svg2font.js 文件：
const svgtofont = require("svgtofont");
const path = require("path");
const pkg = require("../package.json");
svgtofont({
src: path.resolve(process.cwd(), "src/assets/svg"), // svg 图标目录路径
dist: path.resolve(process.cwd(), "src/assets/fonts"), // 输出到指定目录中
fontName: "icon", // 设置字体名称
css: true, // 生成字体文件
startNumber: 20000, // unicode起始编号
svgicons2svgfont: {
fontHeight: 1000,
normalize: true
},
// website = null, 没有演示html文件
website: {
title: "icon",
logo: "",
version: pkg.version,
meta: {
description: "",
keywords: ""
},
description: ``,
links: [
{
title: "Font Class",
url: "index.html"
},
{
title: "Unicode",
url: "unicode.html"
}
],
footerInfo: ``
}
}).then(() => {
console.log("done!");
});复制代码
添加 package.json scripts 配置：
"prebuild": "npm run font",
"font": "node scripts/svg2font.js",复制代码
执行：
npm run font复制代码
✅ 使用 SVG 组件
npm i -D svg-sprite-loader复制代码
新增 SvgIcon 组件。
<template>
<svg class="svg-icon"
aria-hidden="true">
<use :xlink:href="iconName" />
</svg>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'SvgIcon',
props: {
iconClass: {
type: String,
required: true
}
},
computed: {
iconName() {
return `#icon-${this.iconClass}`
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.svg-icon {
width: 1em;
height: 1em;
vertical-align: -0.15em;
fill: currentColor;
overflow: hidden;
}
</style>复制代码
在 src 文件夹中创建 icons 文件夹。icons 文件夹中新增 svg 文件夹（用来存放 svg 文件）与 index.js 文件：
import SvgIcon from "@/components/SvgIcon";
import Vue from "vue";
// 注册到全局
Vue.component("svg-icon", SvgIcon);
const requireAll = requireContext => requireContext.keys().map(requireContext);
const req = require.context("./svg", false, /\.svg$/);
requireAll(req);复制代码
在 main.js 中导入 icons/index.js
import "@/icons";复制代码
修改 vue.config.js
const path = require("path");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
const svgRule = config.module.rule("svg");
svgRule.uses.clear();
svgRule.exclude.add(/node_modules/);
svgRule
.test(/\.svg$/)
.use("svg-sprite-loader")
.loader("svg-sprite-loader")
.options({
symbolId: "icon-[name]"
});
const imagesRule = config.module.rule("images");
imagesRule.exclude.add(resolve("src/icons"));
config.module.rule("images").test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/);
}
};复制代码
✅ 去除多余无效的 css
注：谨慎使用。可能出现各种样式丢失现象。
- 方案一：@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss
npm i -D postcss-import @fullhuman/postcss-purgecss复制代码
更新 postcss.config.js
const autoprefixer = require("autoprefixer");
const postcssImport = require("postcss-import");
const purgecss = require("@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss");
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
let plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push(postcssImport);
plugins.push(
purgecss({
content: [
"./layouts/**/*.vue",
"./components/**/*.vue",
"./pages/**/*.vue"
],
extractors: [
{
extractor: class Extractor {
static extract(content) {
const validSection = content.replace(
/<style([\s\S]*?)<\/style>+/gim,
""
);
return (
validSection.match(/[A-Za-z0-9-_/:]*[A-Za-z0-9-_/]+/g) || []
);
}
},
extensions: ["html", "vue"]
}
],
whitelist: ["html", "body"],
whitelistPatterns: [
/el-.*/,
/-(leave|enter|appear)(|-(to|from|active))$/,
/^(?!cursor-move).+-move$/,
/^router-link(|-exact)-active$/
],
whitelistPatternsChildren: [/^token/, /^pre/, /^code/]
})
);
}
module.exports = {
plugins: [...plugins, autoprefixer]
};复制代码
- 方案二：purgecss-webpack-plugin
npm i -D glob-all purgecss-webpack-plugin复制代码
const path = require("path");
const glob = require("glob-all");
const PurgecssPlugin = require("purgecss-webpack-plugin");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push(
new PurgecssPlugin({
paths: glob.sync([resolve("./**/*.vue")]),
extractors: [
{
extractor: class Extractor {
static extract(content) {
const validSection = content.replace(
/<style([\s\S]*?)<\/style>+/gim,
""
);
return (
validSection.match(/[A-Za-z0-9-_/:]*[A-Za-z0-9-_/]+/g) || []
);
}
},
extensions: ["html", "vue"]
}
],
whitelist: ["html", "body"],
whitelistPatterns: [
/el-.*/,
/-(leave|enter|appear)(|-(to|from|active))$/,
/^(?!cursor-move).+-move$/,
/^router-link(|-exact)-active$/
],
whitelistPatternsChildren: [/^token/, /^pre/, /^code/]
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
✅ 添加打包分析
const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer")
.BundleAnalyzerPlugin;
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
// 打包分析
if (IS_PROD) {
config.plugin("webpack-report").use(BundleAnalyzerPlugin, [
{
analyzerMode: "static"
}
]);
}
}
};复制代码
✅ 配置 externals 引入 cdn 资源
防止将某些 import 的包(package)打包到 bundle 中，而是在运行时(runtime)再去从外部获取这些扩展依赖
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
config.externals = {
vue: "Vue",
"element-ui": "ELEMENT",
"vue-router": "VueRouter",
vuex: "Vuex",
axios: "axios"
};
},
chainWebpack: config => {
const cdn = {
// 访问https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css获取最新版本
css: ["//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"],
js: [
"//unpkg.com/vue@2.6.10/dist/vue.min.js", // 访问https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.min.js获取最新版本
"//unpkg.com/vue-router@3.0.6/dist/vue-router.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/vuex@3.1.1/dist/vuex.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/axios@0.19.0/dist/axios.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/index.js"
]
};
// 如果使用多页面打包，使用vue inspect --plugins查看html是否在结果数组中
config.plugin("html").tap(args => {
// html中添加cdn
args[0].cdn = cdn;
return args;
});
}
};复制代码
在 html 中添加
<!-- 使用CDN的CSS文件 -->
<% for (var i in htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn &&
htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.css) { %>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.css[i] %>" />
<% } %>
<!-- 使用CDN的JS文件 -->
<% for (var i in htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn &&
htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.js) { %>
<script
type="text/javascript"
class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="<%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.cdn.js[i] %>"
></script>
<% } %>
复制代码
✅ 多页面打包 multi-page
多入口页面打包，建议在 src 目录下新建 pages 目录存放多页面模块。
- pages.config.js
配置多页面信息。src/main.js 文件对应 main 字段，其他根据参照 pages 为根路径为字段。如下:
module.exports = {
'admin': {
template: 'public/index.html',
filename: 'admin.html',
title: '后台管理',
},
'mobile': {
template: 'public/index.html',
filename: 'mobile.html',
title: '移动端',
},
'pc/crm': {
template: 'public/index.html',
filename: 'pc-crm.html',
title: '预发服务',
}
}复制代码
- vue.config.js
vue.config.js 的 pages 字段为多页面提供配置
const glob = require("glob");
const pagesInfo = require("./pages.config");
const pages = {};
glob.sync('./src/pages/**/main.js').forEach(entry => {
let chunk = entry.match(/\.\/src\/pages\/(.*)\/main\.js/)[1];
const curr = pagesInfo[chunk];
if (curr) {
pages[chunk] = {
entry,
...curr,
chunk: ["chunk-vendors", "chunk-common", chunk]
}
}
})
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
// 防止多页面打包卡顿
config => config.plugins.delete("named-chunks");
return config;
},
pages
};复制代码
如果多页面打包需要使用 CDN，使用 vue inspect --plugins 查看 html 是否在结果数组中的形式。上例中 plugins 列表中存在’html-main’,‘html-pages/admin’,‘html-pages/mobile’， 没有’html’。因此不能再使用 config.plugin(“html”)。
const path = require("path");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const glob = require("glob");
const pagesInfo = require("./pages.config");
const pages = {};
glob.sync('./src/pages/**/main.js').forEach(entry => {
let chunk = entry.match(/\.\/src\/pages\/(.*)\/main\.js/)[1];
const curr = pagesInfo[chunk];
if (curr) {
pages[chunk] = {
entry,
...curr,
chunk: ["chunk-vendors", "chunk-common", chunk]
}
}
});
module.exports = {
publicPath: IS_PROD ? process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH : "./", //
configureWebpack: config => {
config.externals = {
vue: "Vue",
"element-ui": "ELEMENT",
"vue-router": "VueRouter",
vuex: "Vuex",
axios: "axios"
};
},
chainWebpack: config => {
const cdn = {
// 访问https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css获取最新版本
css: ["//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"],
js: [
"//unpkg.com/vue@2.6.10/dist/vue.min.js", // 访问https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.min.js获取最新版本
"//unpkg.com/vue-router@3.0.6/dist/vue-router.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/vuex@3.1.1/dist/vuex.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/axios@0.19.0/dist/axios.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/index.js"
]
};
// 防止多页面打包卡顿
config => config.plugins.delete("named-chunks");
// 多页面cdn添加
Object.keys(pagesInfo).forEach(page => {
config.plugin(`html-${page}`).tap(args => {
// html中添加cdn
args[0].cdn = cdn;
// 修复 Lazy loading routes Error
args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";
return args;
});
});
return config;
},
pages
};复制代码
✅ 删除 moment 语言包
删除 moment 除 zh-cn 中文包外的其它语言包，无需在代码中手动引入 zh-cn 语言包。
const webpack = require("webpack");
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
config
.plugin("ignore")
.use(
new webpack.ContextReplacementPlugin(/moment[/\\]locale$/, /zh-cn$/)
);
return config;
}
};复制代码
✅ 去掉 console.log
方法一：使用 babel-plugin-transform-remove-console 插件
npm i -D babel-plugin-transform-remove-console复制代码
在 babel.config.js 中配置
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push("transform-remove-console");
}
module.exports = {
presets: ["@vue/app", { useBuiltIns: "entry" }],
plugins
};
复制代码
方法二：
const UglifyJsPlugin = require("uglifyjs-webpack-plugin");
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
if (IS_PROD) {
const plugins = [];
plugins.push(
new UglifyJsPlugin({
uglifyOptions: {
compress: {
warnings: false,
drop_console: true,
drop_debugger: false,
pure_funcs: ["console.log"] //移除console
}
},
sourceMap: false,
parallel: true
})
);
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
}
};复制代码
如果使用 uglifyjs-webpack-plugin 会报错，可能存在 node_modules 中有些依赖需要 babel 转译。
而 vue-cli 的transpileDependencies配置默认为[], babel-loader 会忽略所有 node_modules 中的文件。如果你想要通过 Babel 显式转译一个依赖，可以在这个选项中列出来。配置需要转译的第三方库。
利用 splitChunks 单独打包第三方模块
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
if (IS_PROD) {
config.optimization = {
splitChunks: {
cacheGroups: {
common: {
name: "chunk-common",
chunks: "initial",
minChunks: 2,
maxInitialRequests: 5,
minSize: 0,
priority: 1,
reuseExistingChunk: true,
enforce: true
},
vendors: {
name: "chunk-vendors",
test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/,
chunks: "initial",
priority: 2,
reuseExistingChunk: true,
enforce: true
},
elementUI: {
name: "chunk-elementui",
test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]element-ui[\\/]/,
chunks: "all",
priority: 3,
reuseExistingChunk: true,
enforce: true
},
echarts: {
name: "chunk-echarts",
test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/](vue-)?echarts[\\/]/,
chunks: "all",
priority: 4,
reuseExistingChunk: true,
enforce: true
}
}
}
};
}
},
chainWebpack: config => {
if (IS_PROD) {
config.optimization.delete("splitChunks");
}
return config;
}
};复制代码
✅ 开启 gzip 压缩
npm i -D compression-webpack-plugin复制代码
const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push(
new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
filename: "[path].gz[query]",
algorithm: "gzip",
test: productionGzipExtensions,
threshold: 10240,
minRatio: 0.8
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
还可以开启比 gzip 体验更好的 Zopfli 压缩详见webpack.js.org/plugins/com…
npm i -D @gfx/zopfli brotli-webpack-plugin复制代码
const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");
const zopfli = require("@gfx/zopfli");
const BrotliPlugin = require("brotli-webpack-plugin");
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const productionGzipExtensions = /\.(js|css|json|txt|html|ico|svg)(\?.*)?$/i;
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push(
new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
algorithm(input, compressionOptions, callback) {
return zopfli.gzip(input, compressionOptions, callback);
},
compressionOptions: {
numiterations: 15
},
minRatio: 0.99,
test: productionGzipExtensions
})
);
plugins.push(
new BrotliPlugin({
test: productionGzipExtensions,
minRatio: 0.99
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
✅ 开启 stylelint 检测scss, css语法
npm i -D stylelint stylelint-config-standard stylelint-config-prettier stylelint-webpack-plugin复制代码
在文件夹创建stylelint.config.js,详细配置在这里
module.exports = {
ignoreFiles: ["**/*.js", "src/assets/css/element-variables.scss", "theme/"],
extends: ["stylelint-config-standard", "stylelint-config-prettier"],
rules: {
"no-empty-source": null,
"at-rule-no-unknown": [
true,
{
ignoreAtRules: ["extend"]
}
]
}
};复制代码
启用webpack配置
const StylelintPlugin = require("stylelint-webpack-plugin");
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_DEV) {
plugins.push(
new StylelintPlugin({
files: ["src/**/*.vue", "src/assets/**/*.scss"],
fix: true //打开自动修复（谨慎使用！注意上面的配置不要加入js或html文件，会发生问题，js文件请手动修复）
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
}复制代码
✅ 为 sass 提供全局样式，以及全局变量
可以通过在 main.js 中 Vue.prototype.KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '挂' at position 39: …PP_PUBLIC_PATH;挂̲载环境变量中的配置信息，然后在…src 访问。
css 中可以使用注入 sass 变量访问环境变量中的配置信息
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
css: {
extract: IS_PROD,
sourceMap: false,
loaderOptions: {
scss: {
// 向全局sass样式传入共享的全局变量, $src可以配置图片cdn前缀
// 详情: https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/css.html#passing-options-to-pre-processor-loaders
prependData: `
@import "@scss/variables.scss";
@import "@scss/mixins.scss";
@import "@scss/function.scss";
$src: "${process.env.VUE_APP_OSS_SRC}";
`
}
}
}
};复制代码
在 scss 中引用
.home {
background: url($src+"/images/500.png");
}复制代码
✅ 为 stylus 提供全局变量
npm i -D style-resources-loader复制代码
const path = require("path");
const resolve = dir => path.resolve(__dirname, dir);
const addStylusResource = rule => {
rule
.use("style-resouce")
.loader("style-resources-loader")
.options({
patterns: [resolve("src/assets/stylus/variable.styl")]
});
};
module.exports = {
chainWebpack: config => {
const types = ["vue-modules", "vue", "normal-modules", "normal"];
types.forEach(type =>
addStylusResource(config.module.rule("stylus").oneOf(type))
);
}
};复制代码
预渲染 prerender-spa-plugin
npm i -D prerender-spa-plugin复制代码
const PrerenderSpaPlugin = require("prerender-spa-plugin");
const path = require("path");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push(
new PrerenderSpaPlugin({
staticDir: resolve("dist"),
routes: ["/"],
postProcess(ctx) {
ctx.route = ctx.originalRoute;
ctx.html = ctx.html.split(/>[\s]+</gim).join("><");
if (ctx.route.endsWith(".html")) {
ctx.outputPath = path.join(__dirname, "dist", ctx.route);
}
return ctx;
},
minify: {
collapseBooleanAttributes: true,
collapseWhitespace: true,
decodeEntities: true,
keepClosingSlash: true,
sortAttributes: true
},
renderer: new PrerenderSpaPlugin.PuppeteerRenderer({
// 需要注入一个值，这样就可以检测页面当前是否是预渲染的
inject: {},
headless: false,
// 视图组件是在API请求获取所有必要数据后呈现的，因此我们在dom中存在“data view”属性后创建页面快照
renderAfterDocumentEvent: "render-event"
})
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
mounted()中添加 document.dispatchEvent(new Event(‘render-event’))
new Vue({
router,
store,
render: h => h(App),
mounted() {
document.dispatchEvent(new Event("render-event"));
}
}).$mount("#app");复制代码
为自定义预渲染页面添加自定义 title、description、content
-
删除 public/index.html 中关于 description、content 的 meta 标签。保留 title 标签
-
配置 router-config.js
module.exports = {
"/": {
title: "首页",
keywords: "首页关键词",
description: "这是首页描述"
},
"/about.html": {
title: "关于我们",
keywords: "关于我们页面关键词",
description: "关于我们页面关键词描述"
}
};复制代码
- vue.config.js
const path = require("path");
const PrerenderSpaPlugin = require("prerender-spa-plugin");
const routesConfig = require("./router-config");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
module.exports = {
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
// 预加载
plugins.push(
new PrerenderSpaPlugin({
staticDir: resolve("dist"),
routes: Object.keys(routesConfig),
postProcess(ctx) {
ctx.route = ctx.originalRoute;
ctx.html = ctx.html.split(/>[\s]+</gim).join("><");
ctx.html = ctx.html.replace(
/<title>(.*?)<\/title>/gi,
`<title>${
routesConfig[ctx.route].title
}</title><meta name="keywords" content="${
routesConfig[ctx.route].keywords
}" /><meta name="description" content="${
routesConfig[ctx.route].description
}" />`
);
if (ctx.route.endsWith(".html")) {
ctx.outputPath = path.join(__dirname, "dist", ctx.route);
}
return ctx;
},
minify: {
collapseBooleanAttributes: true,
collapseWhitespace: true,
decodeEntities: true,
keepClosingSlash: true,
sortAttributes: true
},
renderer: new PrerenderSpaPlugin.PuppeteerRenderer({
// 需要注入一个值，这样就可以检测页面当前是否是预渲染的
inject: {},
headless: false,
// 视图组件是在API请求获取所有必要数据后呈现的，因此我们在dom中存在“data view”属性后创建页面快照
renderAfterDocumentEvent: "render-event"
})
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
✅ 添加 IE 兼容
npm i -S @babel/polyfill复制代码
在 main.js 中添加
import "@babel/polyfill";复制代码
配置 babel.config.js
const plugins = [];
module.exports = {
presets: [["@vue/app", { useBuiltIns: "entry" }]],
plugins: plugins
};复制代码
✅ 静态资源自动打包上传阿里 oss、华为 obs
开启文件上传 ali oss，需要将 publicPath 改成 ali oss 资源 url 前缀,也就是修改 VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH。具体配置参见阿里 oss 插件 webpack-oss、华为 obs 插件 huawei-obs-plugin
npm i -D webpack-oss复制代码
const AliOssPlugin = require("webpack-oss");
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const format = AliOssPlugin.getFormat();
module.exports = {
publicPath: IS_PROD ? `${process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH}/${format}` : "./", // 默认'/'，部署应用包时的基本 URL
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (IS_PROD) {
plugins.push(
new AliOssPlugin({
accessKeyId: process.env.ACCESS_KEY_ID,
accessKeySecret: process.env.ACCESS_KEY_SECRET,
region: process.env.REGION,
bucket: process.env.BUCKET,
prefix: process.env.PREFIX,
exclude: /.*\.html$/,
format
})
);
}
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
}
};复制代码
✅ 完整配置
const SpritesmithPlugin = require("webpack-spritesmith");
const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer")
.BundleAnalyzerPlugin;
const webpack = require("webpack");
const path = require("path");
const fs = require("fs");
const resolve = dir => path.join(__dirname, dir);
const IS_PROD = ["production", "prod"].includes(process.env.NODE_ENV);
const glob = require('glob')
const pagesInfo = require('./pages.config')
const pages = {}
glob.sync('./src/pages/**/main.js').forEach(entry => {
let chunk = entry.match(/\.\/src\/pages\/(.*)\/main\.js/)[1];
const curr = pagesInfo[chunk];
if (curr) {
pages[chunk] = {
entry,
...curr,
chunk: ["chunk-vendors", "chunk-common", chunk]
}
}
})
let has_sprite = true;
let files = [];
const icons = {};
try {
fs.statSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));
files = fs.readdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));
files.forEach(item => {
let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");
icons[filename] = true;
});
} catch (error) {
fs.mkdirSync(resolve("./src/assets/icons"));
}
if (!files.length) {
has_sprite = false;
} else {
try {
let iconsObj = fs.readFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), "utf8");
iconsObj = JSON.parse(iconsObj);
has_sprite = files.some(item => {
let filename = item.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, "-");
return !iconsObj[filename];
});
if (has_sprite) {
fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));
}
} catch (error) {
fs.writeFileSync(resolve("./icons.json"), JSON.stringify(icons, null, 2));
has_sprite = true;
}
}
// 雪碧图样式处理模板
const SpritesmithTemplate = function (data) {
// pc
let icons = {}
let tpl = `.ico {
display: inline-block;
background-image: url(${data.sprites[0].image});
background-size: ${data.spritesheet.width}px ${data.spritesheet.height}px;
}`
data.sprites.forEach(sprite => {
const name = '' + sprite.name.toLocaleLowerCase().replace(/_/g, '-')
icons[`${name}.png`] = true
tpl = `${tpl}
.ico-${name}{
width: ${sprite.width}px;
height: ${sprite.height}px;
background-position: ${sprite.offset_x}px ${sprite.offset_y}px;
}
`
})
return tpl
}
module.exports = {
publicPath: IS_PROD ? process.env.VUE_APP_PUBLIC_PATH : "./", // 默认'/'，部署应用包时的基本 URL
// outputDir: process.env.outputDir || 'dist', // 'dist', 生产环境构建文件的目录
// assetsDir: "", // 相对于outputDir的静态资源(js、css、img、fonts)目录
configureWebpack: config => {
const plugins = [];
if (has_sprite) {
// 生成雪碧图
plugins.push(
new SpritesmithPlugin({
src: {
cwd: path.resolve(__dirname, './src/assets/icons/'), // 图标根路径
glob: '**/*.png' // 匹配任意 png 图标
},
target: {
image: path.resolve(__dirname, './src/assets/images/sprites.png'), // 生成雪碧图目标路径与名称
// 设置生成CSS背景及其定位的文件或方式
css: [
[
path.resolve(__dirname, './src/assets/scss/sprites.scss'),
{
format: 'function_based_template'
}
]
]
},
customTemplates: {
function_based_template: SpritesmithTemplate
},
apiOptions: {
cssImageRef: '../images/sprites.png' // css文件中引用雪碧图的相对位置路径配置
},
spritesmithOptions: {
padding: 2
}
})
)
}
config.externals = {
vue: "Vue",
"element-ui": "ELEMENT",
"vue-router": "VueRouter",
vuex: "Vuex",
axios: "axios"
};
config.plugins = [...config.plugins, ...plugins];
},
chainWebpack: config => {
// 修复HMR
config.resolve.symlinks(true);
// config.plugins.delete('preload');
// config.plugins.delete('prefetch');
config
.plugin("ignore")
.use(
new webpack.ContextReplacementPlugin(/moment[/\\]locale$/, /zh-cn$/)
);
// 添加别名
config.resolve.alias
.set("vue$", "vue/dist/vue.esm.js")
.set("@", resolve("src"))
.set("@apis", resolve("src/apis"))
.set("@assets", resolve("src/assets"))
.set("@scss", resolve("src/assets/scss"))
.set("@components", resolve("src/components"))
.set("@middlewares", resolve("src/middlewares"))
.set("@mixins", resolve("src/mixins"))
.set("@plugins", resolve("src/plugins"))
.set("@router", resolve("src/router"))
.set("@store", resolve("src/store"))
.set("@utils", resolve("src/utils"))
.set("@views", resolve("src/views"))
.set("@layouts", resolve("src/layouts"));
const cdn = {
// 访问https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css获取最新版本
css: ["//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"],
js: [
"//unpkg.com/vue@2.6.10/dist/vue.min.js", // 访问https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.min.js获取最新版本
"//unpkg.com/vue-router@3.0.6/dist/vue-router.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/vuex@3.1.1/dist/vuex.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/axios@0.19.0/dist/axios.min.js",
"//unpkg.com/element-ui@2.10.1/lib/index.js"
]
};
// 如果使用多页面打包，使用vue inspect --plugins查看html是否在结果数组中
// config.plugin("html").tap(args => {
// // html中添加cdn
// args[0].cdn = cdn;
// // 修复 Lazy loading routes Error
// args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";
// return args;
// });
// 防止多页面打包卡顿
config => config.plugins.delete('named-chunks')
// 多页面cdn添加
Object.keys(pagesInfo).forEach(page => {
config.plugin(`html-${page}`).tap(args => {
// html中添加cdn
args[0].cdn = cdn;
// 修复 Lazy loading routes Error
args[0].chunksSortMode = "none";
return args;
});
})
if (IS_PROD) {
// 压缩图片
config.module
.rule("images")
.test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/)
.use("image-webpack-loader")
.loader("image-webpack-loader")
.options({
mozjpeg: { progressive: true, quality: 65 },
optipng: { enabled: false },
pngquant: { quality: [0.65, 0.90], speed: 4 },
gifsicle: { interlaced: false }
});
// 打包分析
config.plugin("webpack-report").use(BundleAnalyzerPlugin, [
{
analyzerMode: "static"
}
]);
}
// 使用svg组件
const svgRule = config.module.rule("svg");
svgRule.uses.clear();
svgRule.exclude.add(/node_modules/);
svgRule
.test(/\.svg$/)
.use("svg-sprite-loader")
.loader("svg-sprite-loader")
.options({
symbolId: "icon-[name]"
});
const imagesRule = config.module.rule("images");
imagesRule.exclude.add(resolve("src/icons"));
config.module.rule("images").test(/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/);
return config;
},
pages,
css: {
extract: IS_PROD,
sourceMap: false,
loaderOptions: {
scss: {
// 向全局sass样式传入共享的全局变量, $src可以配置图片cdn前缀
// 详情: https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/css.html#passing-options-to-pre-processor-loaders
prependData: `
@import "@scss/variables.scss";
@import "@scss/mixins.scss";
@import "@scss/function.scss";
$src: "${process.env.VUE_APP_BASE_API}";
`
}
}
},
lintOnSave: false,
runtimeCompiler: true, // 是否使用包含运行时编译器的 Vue 构建版本
productionSourceMap: !IS_PROD, // 生产环境的 source map
parallel: require("os").cpus().length > 1,
pwa: {},
devServer: {
// overlay: { // 让浏览器 overlay 同时显示警告和错误
// warnings: true,
// errors: true
// },
// open: false, // 是否打开浏览器
// host: "localhost",
// port: "8080", // 代理断就
// https: false,
// hotOnly: false, // 热更新
proxy: {
"/api": {
target:
"https://www.easy-mock.com/mock/5bc75b55dc36971c160cad1b/sheets", // 目标代理接口地址
secure: false,
changeOrigin: true, // 开启代理，在本地创建一个虚拟服务端
// ws: true, // 是否启用websockets
pathRewrite: {
"^/api": "/"
}
}
}
}
};复制代码
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