XML 可扩展标记语言
xml是实现不同语言或程序之间进行数据交换的协议,跟json差不多,但json使用起来更简单, 不过,古时候,在json还没诞生的黑暗年代,大家只能选择用xml呀,至今很多传统公司如金融行业的很多系统的接口还主要是xml。
xml的格式如下,就是通过<>节点来区别数据结构的:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <data> <country personinfo="Liechtenstein"> <rank updated="yes">2</rank> <year>2008</year> <gdppc>141100</gdppc> <neighbor personinfo="Austria" direction="E"/> <neighbor personinfo="Switzerland" direction="W"/> </country> <country personinfo="Singapore"> <rank updated="yes">5</rank> <year>2011</year> <gdppc>59900</gdppc> <neighbor personinfo="Malaysia" direction="N"/> </country> <country personinfo="Panama"> <rank updated="yes">69</rank> <year>2011</year> <gdppc>13600</gdppc> <neighbor personinfo="Costa Rica" direction="W"/> <neighbor personinfo="Colombia" direction="E"/> </country> </data>
xml协议在各个语言里的都是支持的,在python中可以用以下模块操作xml
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET #导入模块别名为ET
tree = ET.parse("xml-test.xml") #打开xml-test.xml文件
root = tree.getroot()
print(root) #是一个内存地址
print(root.tag) #是xml文件的tag#遍历xml文档
for child in root:
print(child.tag,child.attrib,child.text)
for i in child:
print(i.tag,i.text,i.attrib)
#只遍历year节点
for node in root.iter("year"):
print(node.tag,node.text)
修改和删除xml文档内容
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
root = tree.getroot()
#修改
for node in root.iter('year'): #只遍历iter
new_year = int(node.text) + 1
node.text = str(new_year)
node.set("updated","yes")
tree.write("xmltest.xml")
#删除node
for country in root.findall('country'):
rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
if rank > 50:
root.remove(country)
tree.write('output.xml')自己创建xml文档
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
new_xml = ET.Element("personinfolist") #根节点
personinfo = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"personinfo",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"}) #new_xml子节点、节点名字、节点属性
name = ET.SubElement(personinfo,"name")
name.text = "aaa li"
age = ET.SubElement(personinfo,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"}) #
sex = ET.SubElement(personinfo,"sex")
age.text = '33'
personinfo2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"personinfo",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})
name2 = ET.SubElement(personinfo2,"name")
name2.text = "aaa wang"
age = ET.SubElement(personinfo2,"age")
age.text = '19'
et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象
et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)
ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <personinfolist> <personinfo enrolled="yes"> <name>aaa li</name> <age checked="no">33</age> <sex /> </personinfo> <personinfo enrolled="no"> <name>aaa wang</name> <age>19</age> </personinfo> </personinfolist>
点击查看更多内容
为 TA 点赞
评论
共同学习,写下你的评论
评论加载中...
作者其他优质文章
正在加载中
感谢您的支持,我会继续努力的~
扫码打赏,你说多少就多少
赞赏金额会直接到老师账户
支付方式
打开微信扫一扫,即可进行扫码打赏哦