根据字典的键过滤字典

Question

我有一本字典，其键是字符串，值是数字。我还有另一个字符串列表。如果键是字符串列表中的字符串，我想通过删除所有键值对来过滤字典。例如：dict={"good":44,"excellent":33,"wonderful":55}, randomList=["good","amazing","great"]那么该方法应该给出newdict={"excellent":33,"wonderful":55}我想知道是否有一种方法可以使用很少的代码来做到这一点。有没有办法快速做到？

Answer 1

这段简单的代码可以满足您的需求

oldDict={"good":44,"excellent":33,"wonderful":55}

randomList=["good","amazing","great"]

for word in randomList:

    if word in oldDict:

        oldDict.pop(word)

print(oldDict)

newDict = oldDict # Optional: If you want to assign it to a new dictionary

# But either way this code does what you want in place

Answer 2

遍历字典并删除不在列表中的键值对：

d = {'foo': 0, 'bar': 1, 'foobar': 2}

list_of_str = ['foo', 'bang']

{k:v for k, v in d.items() if k not in list_of_str}

输出：

Out[34]: {'bar': 1, 'foobar': 2}

或者如果你list_of_str的更小，这会更快：

d = {'foo': 0, 'bar': 1, 'foobar': 2}

list_of_str = ['foo', 'bang']

for s in list_of_str:

    try:

        del d[s]

    except KeyError:

        pass

输出：

Out[41]: {'bar': 1, 'foobar': 2}