Django：在 URL 中发送表单输入

Question

我是 Django 的新手，正在尝试创建一个网络应用学生管理系统，在该系统中，学生由管理员添加，学生可以通过输入他们的注册 ID 来编辑他们的详细信息。在 models.py 我添加了这个模型class Student(models.Model):  gender_choices = [('M', 'Male'), ('F', 'Female')]  enrollment_no = models.CharField(max_length=10, primary_key=True, unique=True)  first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)  last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)  father_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)  mother_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)  address = models.CharField(max_length=200)  dob = models.DateField('date of birth')  gender = models.CharField(choices=gender_choices,max_length=1,default=None)  def __str__(self):    return (self.first_name +" "+ self.last_name)在 index.html 页面输入学生注册 ID 的表格是  <form action="{% url 'students:detail' %}" method="post">    <div class="form-group">      <label for="enrollmentid">Enrollment ID: </label>      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="enrollmentid" placeholder="Enter enrollment id">    </div>    <div class="form-group">      <label for="dob">Date of Birth: </label>      <input type="email" class="form-control" id="dob" placeholder="Enter dob (YYYY-MM-DD)">    </div>    <button class="btn btn-primary">Edit Details</button>  </form>现在我想去/students/detail/{enrollment id given by user}路由我如何将输入传递给 url在views.py中我定义了def detail(request, student_id):  try:    student = Student.objects.get(pk=student_id)  except Student.DoesNotExist:    raise Http404("Student do not exist")  return render(request, 'students/detail.html', {'student': student})在 urls.py 我已经定义app_name = 'students'urlpatterns = [    path('', views.index, name='index'),    path('detail/<student_id>', views.detail, name='detail')]如果我手动输入http://localhost:8000/students/detail/ABC1235，那么我成功呈现详细信息页面

Answer 1

您应该发出请求，而不是发出 POST 请求GET，因为此请求不会修改数据库中的任何内容。现在，您可以像这样进行实现：

 <form action="{% url 'students:detail' %}" method="GET">

    <div class="form-group">

      <label for="enrollmentid">Enrollment ID: </label>

      <input type="text" class="form-control" name="enrollmentid" placeholder="Enter enrollment id">

    </div>

    <div class="form-group">

      <label for="dob">Date of Birth: </label>

      <input type="text" class="form-control" name="dob" placeholder="Enter dob (YYYY-MM-DD)">

    </div>

    <button class="btn btn-primary">Edit Details</button>

  </form>

然后你可以像这样更新你的视图：

def detail(request):

    try:

       student = Student.objects.get(pk=request.GET.get('enrollmentid'), dob=request.GET.get('dob'))

    except Student.DoesNotExist:

      raise Http404("Student do not exist")

    return render(request, 'students/detail.html', {'student': student})

然后在提交表单时，它将重定向到这样的 url：http://localhost:8000/students/detail/?enrollmentid=123&dob=2020-01-01