无法在 golang 中使用“\n”正确拆分字符串

Question

我试图将free命令的输出分成 3 行。free 的一般输出是total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available Mem:       16309236    11129884      860300      534300     4319052     4306208 Swap:      20971516      234236    20737280但是当我使用 strings.Split() 时，golang该Split函数的行为现在符合预期。我尝试调试它但找不到任何东西。请帮忙。package mainimport "os/exec"import "github.com/golang/glog"import "fmt"import "strings"import "errors"func thisWorks() {    str_out := "hello world \n How are you \nthis is good"    lines := strings.Split(str_out, "\n")    fmt.Printf("lines is  \n%s\n", lines)}func GetFreeOutput() error {    var errMsg string    bytes_out, err := exec.Command("free").Output()    // This shows that the output has 10 (newline) in it.    fmt.Println(bytes_out)    if err != nil {        errMsg = "Error geting output of free command"        glog.Fatal(errMsg)        return errors.New(errMsg)    }    str_out := string(bytes_out)    fmt.Printf("str_out is  \n%s", str_out)    // This is not splitting the lines, it is converting the whole output to a single line.    fmt.Println("\nLines are ", strings.Split(str_out, "\n"))    index_of_newline := strings.Index(str_out, "\n")    // This gives the index of "\n" as 79 on my machine, which is correct.    fmt.Printf("\nIndex is %d", index_of_newline)    fmt.Println("\nLine using index are ", strings.Split(str_out, string(str_out[index_of_newline])))    return nil}func main() {    err := GetFreeOutput()    fmt.Printf("Error is %s", err)}

Answer 1

Split 正在按预期工作。问题在于如何打印线条。

下面 Println 的第二个参数是一个切片。

 // This is not splitting the lines, it is converting the whole output to a single line.

fmt.Println("\nLines are ", strings.Split(str_out, "\n"))

根据fmt文档，切片打印为：

[elem0 elem1 ...]

请注意，元素由空格分隔。按 \n 拆分并打印实际上会将 \n 替换为 ' '。尝试此代码以确认拆分是否按预期工作：

for i, line := range strings.Split(str_out, "\n") {

   fmt.Println(i, line)

}